drnase
19th October 2005, 10:27 PM
Hi Group,
Perry and I have been discussing iontophoresis delivery of topical drugs like BOTOX and other medications that must be injected or are hard to deliver topically.
Basically iontophoresis utilizes the opposite charge of the drug molecule to push it through the skin. Utilizing iontophoresiis you can change the depth of drug penetration very easily and consistently.
Iontophoresis not only has future application in BOTOX and neural inhibitors for rosacea but, penetration of deep flushing agents prior to laser surgery. The technology is here, it just needs more testing on the facial skin.
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2005 Jul;60(2):179-91. Related Articles, Links
Transdermal iontophoresis: combination strategies to improve transdermal iontophoretic drug delivery.
Wang Y, Thakur R, Fan Q, Michniak B.
Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
For several decades, there has been interest in using the skin as a port of entry into the body for the systemic delivery of therapeutic agents. However, the upper layer of the skin, the stratum corneum, poses a barrier to the entry of many therapeutic entities. Given a compound, passive delivery rate is often dependent on two major physicochemical properties: the partition coefficient and solubility. The use of chemical enhancers and modifications of the thermodynamic activity of the applied drug are two frequently employed strategies to improve transdermal permeation. Chemical enhancers are known to enhance drug permeation by several mechanisms which include disrupting the organized intercellular lipid structure of the stratum corneum , 'fluidizing' the stratum corneum lipids , altering cellular proteins, and in some cases, extracting intercellular lipids . However, the resulting increase in drug permeation using these techniques is rather modest especially for hydrophilic drugs. A number of other physical approaches such as iontophoresis, sonophoresis, ultrasound and the use of microneedles are now being studied to improve permeation of hydrophilic as well as lipophilic drugs. This article presents an overview of the use of iontophoresis alone and in conjunction with other approaches such as chemical enhancement, electroporation, sonophoresis, and use of microneedles and ion-exchange materials.
Perry and I have been discussing iontophoresis delivery of topical drugs like BOTOX and other medications that must be injected or are hard to deliver topically.
Basically iontophoresis utilizes the opposite charge of the drug molecule to push it through the skin. Utilizing iontophoresiis you can change the depth of drug penetration very easily and consistently.
Iontophoresis not only has future application in BOTOX and neural inhibitors for rosacea but, penetration of deep flushing agents prior to laser surgery. The technology is here, it just needs more testing on the facial skin.
Eur J Pharm Biopharm. 2005 Jul;60(2):179-91. Related Articles, Links
Transdermal iontophoresis: combination strategies to improve transdermal iontophoretic drug delivery.
Wang Y, Thakur R, Fan Q, Michniak B.
Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA.
For several decades, there has been interest in using the skin as a port of entry into the body for the systemic delivery of therapeutic agents. However, the upper layer of the skin, the stratum corneum, poses a barrier to the entry of many therapeutic entities. Given a compound, passive delivery rate is often dependent on two major physicochemical properties: the partition coefficient and solubility. The use of chemical enhancers and modifications of the thermodynamic activity of the applied drug are two frequently employed strategies to improve transdermal permeation. Chemical enhancers are known to enhance drug permeation by several mechanisms which include disrupting the organized intercellular lipid structure of the stratum corneum , 'fluidizing' the stratum corneum lipids , altering cellular proteins, and in some cases, extracting intercellular lipids . However, the resulting increase in drug permeation using these techniques is rather modest especially for hydrophilic drugs. A number of other physical approaches such as iontophoresis, sonophoresis, ultrasound and the use of microneedles are now being studied to improve permeation of hydrophilic as well as lipophilic drugs. This article presents an overview of the use of iontophoresis alone and in conjunction with other approaches such as chemical enhancement, electroporation, sonophoresis, and use of microneedles and ion-exchange materials.